On the 20th, the Ministry of Transport summarized the 2015 toll road statistical bulletin. In 2015, the national toll road toll revenue was 409.78 billion yuan, the total expenditure was 728.51 billion yuan, and the income and expenditure gap was 318.73 billion yuan, which was expanded compared with 2014. 161.62 billion yuan, doubled. This is the third consecutive year that the Ministry of Communications has published a statistical bulletin on toll roads. These control valves play a crucial role in ensuring the efficient and effective operation of water treatment systems. Filter Control Valve,Automatic Softener Valve,Manual Control Valve,Softener Control Valve Hebei Chengda Water Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.arclionchengda.com
 Toll highways reach 117,000 kilometers
By the end of 2015, the national toll road mileage was 164,400 kilometers, accounting for 3.6% of the total road mileage, including 117,000 kilometers of expressways, accounting for 71.2% of the national toll road mileage. The accumulated construction investment of toll highways was 6,948.85 billion yuan, of which the loan principal of bank loans was 4,401.28 billion yuan, and the other debts were 365.60 billion yuan, accounting for 63.3% and 5.3% of the total investment in toll road construction respectively.
Compared with 2014, the number of toll stations for national toll roads decreased from 1,665 to 1,588 last year, a net decrease of 77; but the total toll revenue in 2015 increased by 18.18 billion yuan. In addition, in 2015, the national toll roads reduced vehicle tolls by 54.46 billion yuan, which was 13.3% of the actual toll revenue.
 The toll road has the ability to repay the debt as a whole
The national toll road statistical bulletin shows that in recent years, the gap in the toll revenue of highways has been expanding, doubling in successive years: in 2013, it was 66.1 billion yuan, and in 2014 it increased by 137.7% to 157.11 billion yuan; in 2015, compared with 2014. The gap has expanded by 102.9%.
Why is the income and expenditure gap expanding year by year? Sun Yonghong, deputy director of the Highway Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, explained that there are two main reasons: First, the construction task is heavy, the debt growth rate is fast, and the expenditure on principal and interest payments is growing rapidly. Second, the current toll road has entered the peak period of debt repayment. By building new toll roads with new debt, the size of the debt will expand in a certain period of time, and the expenditure on the principal and interest payments will also increase rapidly.
Sun Yonghong said that although China's toll road debt is relatively large, but staged, in the long run, the risk is controllable.
According to the statistical bulletin, the debt balance of 4,449.37 billion yuan at the end of 2015 was netly reduced by 317.51 ​​billion yuan compared with the construction debt principal of 4,766.88 billion yuan, that is, the debt principal of 6.66% has been repaid, indicating that the debt is continuing. Effectively repaid. At the same time, the toll revenue in 2015 was 409.78 billion yuan. After deducting the necessary maintenance, operation, taxes, and other expenses, the rest can not only repay the interest of 225.19 billion yuan in the year, but also repay the principal of 31.07 billion yuan. The toll road has a certain ability to repay debts as a whole, and the debt risk is controllable.
 After the toll road enters the curing period, the charge is planned to drop.
In 2015, with a significant increase in highway mileage, operational management expenditures achieved a net decrease. The toll road operation and management expenditure was 52.75 billion yuan, a net decrease of 660 million yuan and a decrease of 1.2% compared with 2014.
In this regard, Sun Yonghong explained that the main reasons for the decrease in operating management expenditure are: First, the promotion and application of ETC, while greatly improving the efficiency of traffic, reducing the labor cost; Second, the comprehensive budget cost management of the highways has been implemented and refined. Implement cost management, regularly assess the cost and cost control performance, and continuously promote highways to reduce costs and increase efficiency; third, the scale benefits of the national expressway network are gradually emerging, and most provinces implement intensive management of expressways on a regional basis. The management fees for mileage highways have decreased.
Sun Yonghong revealed that the Ministry of Transport has submitted the revised Regulations on Toll Road Management to the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council. The revised general idea will be based on China's current development stage and financial security capacity, in accordance with the concept of “paying users with different burdensâ€, and constructing two highway systems that combine “tax collection†and “chargeâ€, taking into account fairness and efficiency. Among them, the construction and maintenance of non-fee ordinary roads are covered by public taxation and general budget, accounting for about 97% of the total length of the road network; the construction and maintenance of expressway-based toll roads is mainly borne by the collected vehicle tolls. .
"In the revision discussion stage, the toll road charges are divided into three phases: the debt repayment period, the operation period, and the maintenance period. If the maintenance period is charged, the fee will definitely decrease," he said.
 >>Observation Announcement should increase the content of analysis and improve accuracy
Since 2014, the Ministry of Transport has continuously organized the publication of statistical bulletins on toll roads in their respective jurisdictions, and has published statistical bulletins on national toll roads on a regional basis.
All the basic data in the toll road statistical bulletin are from the expressway operation and management units of each province. Each unit is reported according to the “Toll Road Statistical Report Systemâ€, and each unit is legally responsible for the data submitted by itself.
In June last year, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation announced the statistics of toll roads in the province twice. The overall operation of toll roads changed from a loss of 2.88 billion yuan to a profit of 390 million yuan, which made the public question the accuracy of statistics.
Zhang Zhuting, a professor at the Department of Management of the Ministry of Transport, told reporters that while continuously and steadily publishing toll road data, relevant departments should pay attention to improving the quality of statistics, first, to improve accuracy, and second, to increase the content of analysis so that the report can present the whole The operation quality of the toll road and the development of the industry.
He said that the current law enforcement department is the national statistical system, and the industry management department has no legal authority to force enterprises to provide real data. In the next step, how the industry management department can better connect and cooperate with the statistical department is a problem worth considering.
Filter valves are responsible for controlling the filtration process, which removes impurities and particulate matter from the water. They can be further classified based on their control methods, such as manual, semi-automatic, or fully automatic.
Softening valves, on the other hand, are designed to remove hardness-causing minerals like calcium and magnesium from the water. They can be categorized based on the number of tanks controlled by a single valve, such as single tank or multi-tank systems.
Additionally, softening valves can be classified based on the automatic regeneration method used. This includes time-based regeneration, meter-based regeneration, or demand-initiated regeneration.
The flow direction of the regeneration liquid is another factor that determines the type of softening valve. It can be either downflow, upflow, or counter-current flow.
The control method of softening valves refers to how the valve is operated and controlled. It can be manual, semi-automatic, or fully automatic, depending on the level of automation and control desired.
In industrial applications, softening valves are commonly used for treating boiler feed water. The removal of hardness-causing minerals helps prevent scale formation and improves the efficiency and lifespan of the boiler.