Tsinghua professor summarizes the tactile sensor research breakthroughs and progress

Recently, Professor Zhu Hongwei from School of Materials Science and Technology at Tsinghua University published a paper titled "Wearable Tactile Sensors: Materials, Sensing Mechanism and Device Performance" (Materials Science and Engineering R: Reports) Recent advances in wearable tactile sensors: Materials, sensing mechanisms, and device performance ", summarizes the major breakthroughs and advances in the research of wearable flexible tactile sensors in recent years. From basic concepts, material selection, sensing mechanism, Performance optimization, multi-functional integration and potential applications. The future research hot spots (such as Internet of Things, Virtual Reality / Augmented Reality) are prospected.

In recent years, the rapid development of portable intelligent electronic products, there have been many versatile wearable devices. Using electronics for bracelets, eyeglasses, and shoes as wearable items on the body has become a new fashion. Among them, the wearable touch sensor is one of the most advanced fields in the current science and technology circle, which can simulate the touch function when the human is in direct contact with the external environment, and mainly includes the detection of force signals, heat signals and wet signals, the nerve endings of the Internet of Things And assisting humans to fully understand nature and their core components. Since the seventies and eighties of the last century, tactile sensing devices have attracted the attention of researchers in multidisciplinary fields such as materials, physics, chemistry, electronics and robotics. The development of wearable devices that are able to adapt to any deformation of the substrate while providing accurate response to a variety of irregular tactile stimuli is of crucial importance. With the advent of new functional materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, zinc oxide and liquid metal, the research on flexible electronic-related preparation technology has made rapid development in wearable touch sensor research.

Wearable tactile sensors are often built on skin-like elastic bases or stretchable fabrics for flexibility and scalability. From the transduction mechanism, tactile sensing mainly uses the piezoresistive, capacitive and piezoelectric sensor technology, each sensor has its own characteristics and the appropriate application of the place. With the rapid development of materials science, flexible electronics and nanotechnology, the basic performance of the device such as sensitivity, range, size and spatial resolution has been rapidly improved and even surpassed that of human skin. At the same time, the device design is more sophisticated and the integration scheme is more mature in order to meet the sensing requirements of multi-stimulation resolving power, heat, moisture, gas, biology and chemistry. Smart sensor devices with practical functions such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, self-healing, self-energizing and visualization have also emerged. In addition, the wearable electronic products are moving toward integration, that is, the tactile sensors are effectively integrated with relevant functional components (such as power supply, wireless transceiver module, signal processing, actuators and the like) for specific applications so as to create a flexible and space-adaptive And functional wearable platform.

At present, wearable touch sensors still face many challenges in practical applications, such as sensor degradation during repeated deformation, crosstalk decoupling for simultaneous detection of multiple stimuli, force, thermal, and electrical performance matching between devices within the wearable platform . Addressing these challenges will open up new opportunities for future directions in materials preparation, device processing and system integration. There is no doubt that wearable touch sensor will be more flexible, small, intelligent, multi-functional, user-friendly direction. Tactile sensor will be greatly expanded the scope of applications in human-computer interaction systems, intelligent robots, mobile medical and other fields with great potential.

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