Ion exchange resin is a crucial component used in glass fiber reinforced plastic pressure tanks to effectively remove both anions and cations present in water, ultimately softening the water. Ion Exchange Resin,Water Softener Resin,anion exchange resin,Cation exchange resin,Resin Hebei Chengda Water Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.arclionchengda.com
The test method test was divided into 3 groups, each group consisting of 8 internal spline gears. The first group: the process line normalizing - high temperature tempering - carburizing - high temperature tempering - quenching - low temperature tempering - shot blasting - medium inspection 1 normalizing equipment type RJ-150-9 resistance furnace, 930 ° C ± 10 ° C positive Fire, heat preservation for 180 minutes, air cooling, tempering, 680 ° C ± 10 ° C, heat preservation for 150 minutes, air cooling, (normalizing hardness requirements HB ≤ 269). 2 Carburized parts are cleaned and carburized. The equipment type is RTQPF-13-EM type Ipsen multi-purpose furnace (the equipment is computer automatic control), carburizing at 930 °C ± 10 °C (carburizing layer depth 1.3mm ~ 1.7mm After the carburizing agent "acetone" is released, it is placed in a slow cooling tank and is protected by methanol. The high temperature tempering is 640 °C ± 10 °C; the temperature is tempered twice at 680 °C ± 10 °C for 3 hours. 3 quenching equipment model is RTQPF-13-EM type Ipson multi-purpose furnace (its equipment computer automation control), heating to 850 °C ± 10 °C quenching (quenching medium --- Houghton G-type quenching oil) - tempered 180 °C ± 10 ° C - insulation for 180 minutes - shot blast - check.
Through the second set of tests, it is found that after the increase of the secondary normalization, the grounding is grounded, and the deviation of the normalizing hardness value is obviously close. Moreover, the M value of the external teeth is controlled to a large amount of 0.7mm to 0.10mm, and the internal spline M value is reduced to 0.07mm to 0.09mm. The third group: the same production of 8 parts, this test and the first group, the second The difference between the group tests is that the air-cooling treatment of the blower is added to the first and second normal fire sequences. The normalizing process is the first normalizing (930±10) °C; the heat is 240 minutes; the blower is air-cooled (3 hours to 4 hours); the tempering is further performed (680±10) °C; the heat is kept for 180 minutes.
The second normalizing (930±10) °C; holding for 240 minutes; the blower air-cooled (3 hours to 4 hours); then tempering (640 ± 10) ° C; holding for 180 minutes.
The test results analyzed that the normalizing is to heat the steel to the upper critical point (the sub-eutectoid steel is Ac3, the eutectoid steel is Acm) and heat it for a certain time at a suitable temperature, and then cool it in air to obtain a pearlite type structure. In the production process of internal spline gear parts, there are many factors affecting the internal spline gear distortion; such as the loading method of the parts, the quenching temperature, the cooling method and the cooling medium, the shape of the parts, and the carbon content of the raw materials. However, the purpose of normalizing is to improve the grain size and obtain a suitable cutting hardness, and to prepare for carburizing and quenching to reduce distortion, which is generally considered to be the simplest heat treatment process and is not taken seriously. As shown in our first group of experiments, firstly, the hardness of the normalized fire is not uniform. After the carburizing and quenching, the external tooth M value increases significantly, and the internal spline M value decreases significantly. This phenomenon indicates that the original microstructure defects of the material are not substantially eliminated after normalizing, the austenite grains are not well refined, and the hardness is not uniform, the cutting resistance is large, or the sticking knife appears during cutting after cold cutting. At the same time, due to uneven tissue, the plastic deformation stress caused by the cutting process causes the carburizing and quenching deformation to be large.
Through the second group of tests, a normalizing fire is carried out after the roughing, and the normalizing time is extended, and the cooling method is changed (spreading and ground contact). The results show that the normalized fire hardness has changed significantly, and the hardness deviation is between ±10 degrees. Moreover, the external tooth M value increase is significantly reduced, and the internal spline M value shrinkage is significantly reduced. This is because the cooling method of extending the normalizing time and performing the grounding of the parts is different, and different structures and hardness are obtained accordingly. However, since the actual cooling rate of the part is affected by its own size, the cooling rate is slow, and the organization and performance fluctuate within a large range. In addition, the residual stress generated after cutting causes distortion after carburizing and quenching.
The third set of tests added a process to the second test, using air blowers to increase the cooling rate. The results are shown. The hardness deviation is ±4 degrees. After carburizing and quenching, the external tooth M value increases from 0.02mm to 0.03mm, and the internal spline M value decreases from 0.02mm to 0.03mm. This shows that the air volume and wind pressure can be adjusted by blast according to the size and structure of the part. The temperature of each part of the part is uniform, and the microstructure is transformed at a uniform cooling rate to obtain better microstructure and hardness. At the same time, the cutting performance can be changed to achieve better normalizing effect, and finally the internal spline gear is infiltrated. The distortion variable after carbon quenching is well controlled.
By changing the normalizing process, according to the size and structure of different parts, using air blower air blower, the normalized transformation structure is changed, the defects are reduced, the grains are refined, the cutting performance is improved, and finally the inner flower is made. The distortion of the key gear is greatly reduced, meeting the requirements of the process and the market.
The ion exchange resin works through a process known as ion exchange, where it replaces undesired ions in the water with more desirable ones. This resin is typically made up of small, porous beads that contain charged functional groups.
When water passes through the pressure tank containing the ion exchange resin, the resin beads attract and retain the unwanted anions and cations present in the water. These unwanted ions, such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and sulfates, are exchanged with more desirable ions like sodium or potassium.
The exchange process occurs as the water flows through the resin bed, allowing the resin beads to selectively trap the unwanted ions and release the desired ions. This effectively removes the minerals responsible for water hardness and replaces them with softer ions, resulting in softened water.
Softened water offers various benefits, including preventing scale buildup in pipes and appliances, improving the efficiency of water heaters, reducing soap scum and residue on surfaces, and providing better lathering and cleaning capabilities.