China's modern analytical instrumentation science development situation

The future demand for the scientific development of modern analytical instrumentation in China is the basis for determining the direction of science and technology development in the field of instrument science and technology and the focus of industrial development. Modern analytical instruments and meters also play an important role in the current socio-economic activities as "materialized judges." At the same time, instruments and meters are widely used in many fields such as experimental teaching, weather forecasting, earth mapping, diagnosis and treatment of disease, command traffic, and detection of disasters. The demand is ubiquitous in agriculture, light weight, land, air, and food. From the strategic goals of the national economy, social development and national defense security in the next 10 years, we will analyze the future needs of the disciplines of instrument science and technology.

(1) The development of the national economy needs to change the extensive development model of low product quality, low technological content, and increase in quantity mainly, and take the road of intensive and intensive development. We must widely adopt information technology and use information technology to promote traditional industries. development of. The discipline of instrument science and technology is an important part of information technology. There is a tremendous need in the process of achieving "precise industry" and "precision agriculture."

(2) Science and technology are the primary productive forces. Rejuvenating the country through science and education has become an established national policy. Vigorously strengthen scientific research and establish a technology-based innovation system for enterprises, and improve the ability to independently develop and independently innovate, and instrument science and technology must be implemented first.

(3) In the face of superpowers of "precision strikes" by the world's superpowers, for the sake of national defense, the rapid response capability of the troops and the precision strike capability of the weapons are in urgent need of improvement. There is also a tremendous demand for instrumentation technology as a military combat force.

(4) In the face of resource shortages, severe water resources crisis, and harsh ecological environment, we must strengthen the life sciences, food safety, environmental protection, and public safety (including anti-terrorism and anti-drugs) in order to protect people's health and the sustainable development of society. ), Quality inspection, clinical medicine, medical science and other fields of research and development, thereby increasing the future demand for instrument science and technology disciplines.

The goal of the development of analytical instrument science and technology disciplines in China The overall goal of China's analytical instrument science and technology discipline is: From the present to 2020, we must make full use of China's rapid economic development and huge market advantages, combined with the deepening research of measurement and control technologies, and vigorously promote Research and application of new technologies and processes in instrumentation, master key technologies such as design and production processes of various instruments and meters, and meet national economic, people's health, and national defense security. Measurement, control, and instrumentation in all aspects of production, scientific research, and application Demand, reduce imports, and expand exports, so that the gap between the overall level of science and technology and industry in China's instrument science and technology disciplines and the international level is generally shortened to 3 to 5 years; industrial automation instrumentation and control systems, scientific instruments, medical instruments, and electrical measurement About 30% of the products in metrology instruments, various types of special instrumentation, related sensors, components, and materials have reached the international advanced level in the same period. The supporting capacity of domestically produced instruments and meters in large projects has reached more than 80%.

Scientific and technological research directions in the field of analytical instrument science and technology in China suggest that strategic research should be conducted on the interrelationships, general issues, and the overall situation of China's national economy, scientific research, national defense construction, and social development. The research direction of science and technology is: new sensor and information acquisition technology; process control system and measurement and control equipment and system integration technology that are compatible with national key projects; measurement and control technology and instrumentation in precision manufacturing; microanalysis instrument and its key technologies; Digital medical instruments and their key technologies; Quantum physics-based metrology standards system.

1. New sensors and information acquisition and sensing technologies 2. Sensing technology is not only the basis for detection, it is also the basis for control. This is not only because the control must be based on detecting the input information; it is the accuracy and state of hesitation control that must be perceived, otherwise the control of the control effect is still blind.

Information acquisition and sensing technology are the basic technologies of the discipline of instrument science and technology; new sensors are the basis for the development of high-level measurement and control instrumentation. Sensing technology has become a bottleneck restricting the development of measurement and control instrumentation.

The new sensors and information acquisition and sensing technologies are mainly used for the detection of useful information in the objective world. They include useful helium measurement sensitive technologies, working principles of various disciplines, remote sensing, remote control, new materials and other technologies, information fusion technologies, and sensor manufacturing technologies. Information fusion technologies such as sensor distribution, weak signal extraction (enhancement), sensor information fusion, imaging, and sensor manufacturing technologies involve micro-processing, biochips, and new processes.

3. The process control system and measurement and control equipment and system integration technology that are compatible with national key projects The high-tech instrument products of developed countries account for about 75% of the total varieties, but less than 20% in China. Industrial automation instrumentation and control system instrumentation domestic satisfaction rate, general engineering projects up to 80%, large-scale engineering projects less than 50%, mainly lack of intelligence and high precision, high reliability, large range, corrosion resistance, sealed , explosion-proof and other special requirements of automated instrument varieties.

The process control system and measurement and control equipment that are matched with national key projects mainly solve the intelligent metering and high-precision, high-reliability, large-range, corrosion-resistant, fully-sealed, explosion-proof, and other automated meter varieties with special requirements. Mainly includes various types of sensors and detection instruments that meet the on-site requirements, real-time process analysis instruments and on-line analysis technologies, new field control systems, e-network control systems, open control systems based on industrial control computers and programmable controls, and advanced control Technology, special measurement and control equipment and measurement and control technology, system integration technology, etc.

System integration technology directly affects the breadth and level of application of measurement and control instrumentation. It has a decisive influence on the degree of automation and benefits of large-scale projects, large-scale systems, and large-scale installations. It is a system-level information fusion control technology that does not include systems. Demand analysis and modeling technologies, physical layer device technologies, information communication conversion technologies in various parts of the system, and real-time technologies for application layer control strategies. In the case of operators operating groups for a variety of different positions, they should also include technologies for monitoring and intelligentizing tools, equipment, and systems in order to achieve the desired goals. These technologies are directly related to the effectiveness of measurement and control systems, and are based on information. The key to the development of technology to knowledge economy technology. Intelligent control technology can be said to be the most important and critical software resource in the measurement and control system.

From the current development trend, in the computer monitoring and control system after the three levels of enterprise information ERS/MES/PCS, the price of the software has exceeded the hardware by three times. The price of advanced control software for automated measurement and control systems in the petrochemical, metallurgy, electric power, and pharmaceutical industries exceeds the system hardware price. Intelligent control technology includes human-like feature extraction technology, target automatic identification technology, knowledge self-learning technology, environment adaptive technology, and optimal decision-making technology.

4. Coal analysis instruments and their key technologies in scientific analysis instruments 5. Analytical instruments are the most important and fastest-growing components in scientific instruments, and are used to analyze the micro-detection, miniaturization, high sensitivity and high The definition of high resolution and high intelligence represents an important development trend and technical level of analytical instruments in life sciences, food safety, environmental protection, public safety (including anti-terrorism, anti-drug), clinical medicine, medical science and chemical engineering, etc. There are more and more applications in the field. The research directions of microanalysis instruments and their key technologies include:

(1) Develop high-sensitivity, high-resolution, and high-performance microsensors. Apply biochip technology, new chemical sensor technology, and multi-component (multi-parameter) integrated sensor technology to the research and development of analytical instruments.

(2) Carry out research on the miniaturization of analytical instruments and related micro-root technologies, focusing on common and new technologies used in microanalysis instruments, such as microfluidic technology, micro-processing technology, micro-detection technology, micro-light source, and all-electronics Research on spectroscopic systems, micro-spectrometers, new types of chips, etc.

(3) Research on coal quality analysis instruments and key technologies used in process analysis and online analysis.

(4) Research on the combination technology of different types of analytical instruments. When the content and structural analysis of trace and trace substances in complex matrices place extremely high demands on the resolving power of analytical objects, and when a single separation technology or even mass spectrometry separation technology can no longer separate useful information needed from complex information It is necessary to analyze the composition, structure, morphology, and even the overall morphology of the substances through the use of different combinations of analytical instruments to obtain information on atoms and molecules at the same time.