With the redefinition of the concept of "driving", the revolutionary horn of the automotive industry is again blowing. Water Treatment Resin,Water Softener Resin,Softener Resin Types,Resins for Water Treatment,Waste Water Treatment Resin,Resin For Water Treatment Henan Comcess Industry Co., Ltd. , https://www.comcessresins.com
On December 6th, at the 7th Guangdong Industrial Design Week, the driverless car designed by Guangzhou Automobile Group won its debut. This model is the first in the field of domestic driverless cars. The release of this model demonstrates the determination of domestic independent brands in forward-looking technology research and development, and pledges to align with foreign car companies that are at the forefront of technology.
In addition to car companies focusing on driverless technology, IT industry giants have also focused on this area in recent years. In May of this year, Google co-founder Brin at the US Code conference site, also released the prototype of the latest driverless car developed by Google. In addition, domestic Internet giant Baidu is also involved in this field. According to relevant sources, Baidu's driverless project is currently in the secret research and development stage.
"In the next five to ten years, driverless cars will enter the consumer popularization period, the industry's attention will continue to increase, and the related automotive industry will also develop rapidly." Relevant research institutions predict this.
Unmanned concept is different. Although the driverless car is a forward-looking concept in the automotive field, it is not a new technology. As early as the 1970s, some developed countries in Europe and the United States had taken the lead in research on driverless cars.
According to the data, the predecessor of the driverless car is called a wheeled mobile robot, mainly relying on a computer-based smart pilot in the car to achieve driverless driving. One day in the future, China's unmanned technology will be realized, which means that we can control the vehicle without relying on the steering wheel, brake system and throttle. Instead, we will replace the GPS, sensor and camera image processing devices.
Therefore, it can be foreseen that driverless cars will definitely be the development trend of the future automobile industry. Joining this market is not only the foreign automakers such as Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Toyota, Volvo and Cadillac, but also domestic automakers. FAW, SAIC, GAC, Geely and BYD have also entered the field... Which is the development of driverless technology? Some experts said that foreign research on unmanned driving is ahead of the domestic stage.
As automakers and IT companies continue to develop unmanned technology, the concept of driverless cars has not been unified for a long time.
The "Drive Me" driverless car project launched by Volvo last year is defined as: the car can complete all driving operations, and the car can stop without the help of the driver. This project is more focused on the construction of the next generation of civil vehicles and transportation systems, paying attention to cost control in the solution to achieve a smooth transition from driver to automatic driving.
In contrast, Google's driverless projects are more technically explored. From a civilian perspective, Google's technology is still inseparable from automaker partners.
How do domestic R&D institutions define driverless technology? According to Yu Kai, executive vice president of the Baidu Deep Learning Institute, Baidu Research Institute divides the driverless R&D project into three modules: perception, decision-making and control. Baidu's current main attack is the perception of environmental data.
"The future direction of the computer is to be able to perceive the road, to learn automatically, and to become smarter. This is the advantage of Baidu." According to Yu Kai, Baidu’s research mainly focuses on the miniaturization of sensors that car companies care about. Intelligent and low-efficiency development, "Only by satisfying these requirements, driverless technology can really fly into the homes of ordinary people.
It is with this hope for future unmanned technology. On September 15, Baidu and BMW formally signed a cooperation agreement, which will jointly work on promoting highly automated driving technology research in China. Both parties expressed their confidence that after the completion of the three-year cooperation project, they will develop a truly intelligent and highly automated driving model that can travel in China's complex road environment.
There will be new breakthroughs in the next five years. Insiders pointed out that with the emergence of powerful and inexpensive sensors, global automakers are redefining the concept of drivers, and the technology required for driverless cars is basically available.
Even relevant research institutions predict that in the next five to ten years, driverless cars will enter the beginning of consumer popularity, industry attention will continue to increase, and the related automotive industry will also develop rapidly. However, not everyone is optimistic about the operability of driverless technology in the short term.
It is understood that the industry chain of driverless cars, in addition to automobile manufacturing, also includes laser radar, optical cameras, circuits, computer hardware, software, maps, connections and applications. Therefore, due to many factors such as timing, price, business model, etc., the commercialization path of self-driving cars is still unclear.
Some insiders believe that the driverless technology is still in the laboratory stage, and the relevant research units are mainly universities and software companies. At present, unmanned driving is mainly realized by means of “GPS navigation visual navigationâ€. The main research and development difficulties are autonomy and image recognition, including identification of speed and accuracy.
"Foreign research on unmanned driving is ahead of the domestic stage." According to industry insiders, the research of domestic universities mainly stays at the image recognition stage, the degree of autonomy is relatively low, and there is still a long way to go from commercial applications. distance. In foreign countries, the autonomous navigation system developed by university laboratories can control the motorcycles to walk through the woods to realize self-parking. At the same time, the industry insider said that the mileage data recorded by Google's driverless cars has reached 700,000 miles. "The unmanned technology is at the forefront of the international market and it is also the technology giants of Google."
"The driverless technology is still some distance from commercial applications." The above-mentioned insiders said that even if the technology has made a huge breakthrough, the driverless technology has to face the public's doubts. Therefore, the unmanned driving is really going to civilian use, and the road is still very long.
"In China, for example, in the current car network environment in China, coupled with the less formal traffic participation habits of the domestic people, the driverless car can be said to be difficult." Some people in the car forum said so.
Cation Exchange Resin:
Anion Exchange Resin:
Applications of Water Treatment Resins:
1.Water Softening:
2.Deionization:
3.Demineralization:
4.Selective Ion Removal:
5.Maintenance and Regeneration
·Car companies focus on driverless driving in the next five years or have research and development breakthroughs
Water Treatment Resin are specialized materials used in water purification processes, particularly in ion exchange systems. These resins are typically composed of small, porous beads that can exchange ions with ions in the water that passes through them. There are two main types of ion exchange resins: cation exchange resins and anion exchange resins.
Types of ion exchange resin:
Strong Acid Cation (SAC) Resins: These resins contain sulfonic acid groups and are used to remove positively charged ions (cations) such as calcium (Ca²âº), magnesium (Mg²âº), and other heavy metals. SAC resins are commonly used in water softening applications.
Weak Acid Cation (WAC) Resins: These resins contain carboxylic acid groups and are effective at removing cations, particularly in applications where water has a high alkalinity.
Strong Base Anion (SBA) Resins: These resins contain quaternary ammonium groups and are used to remove negatively charged ions (anions) such as sulfate (SOâ‚„²â»), nitrate (NO₃â»), and chloride (Clâ»). SBA resins are often used in deionization processes.
Weak Base Anion (WBA) Resins: These resins contain tertiary amine groups and are effective at removing anions from solutions with lower pH levels.
Cation exchange resins are commonly used to replace calcium and magnesium ions in hard water with sodium or potassium ions, thus preventing scale buildup in pipes and appliances.
Both cation and anion exchange resins are used together in mixed bed or separate bed configurations to remove all ionic species from water, producing highly purified water. This is crucial in applications such as laboratory water, pharmaceuticals, and microelectronics manufacturing.
This process involves using both types of resins to remove dissolved salts from water. It's used in boiler feedwater treatment and other industrial processes where mineral-free water is required.
Specialized resins can be used to target specific contaminants, such as heavy metals, nitrates, or arsenic, from drinking water and wastewater.
Water treatment resins require periodic regeneration to restore their ion exchange capacity. Regeneration involves flushing the resin with a concentrated solution of the ions that the resin initially releases. For example:
SAC resins are regenerated with a salt (sodium chloride) solution.
SBA resins are regenerated with a caustic (sodium hydroxide) solution.
Regular maintenance and proper regeneration are essential to ensure the longevity and efficiency of the resins.
Conclusion
Water treatment resins are a critical component of many water purification systems, providing efficient removal of a variety of contaminants. Their effectiveness and versatility make them suitable for a wide range of applications, from residential water softening to industrial demineralization. Understanding the types and functions of these resins can help in selecting the right one for specific water treatment needs.